Chemistry of Carbon Nanotubes Nanometer Nanophotonics

Contents

1. Introduction 1105

2. Covalent Approaches 1105

2.1. Sidewall Halogenation of CNT 1105

2.2. Hydrogenation 1107

2.3. Cycloadditions 1107

2.4. Radical Additions 1109

2.5. Electrophilic Additions 1111

2.6. Addition of Inorganic Compounds 1111

2.7. Ozonolysis 1111

2.8. Mechanochemical Functionalizations 1111

2.9. Plasma Activation 1112

2.10. Nucleophilic Additions 1112

2.11. Grafting of Polymers 1112

2.11.1. “Grafting to” Method 1112

2.11.2. “Grafting from” Method 1112

3. Defect Site Chemistry 1113

3.1. Amidation/Esterification Reactions 1113

3.2. Attachment of Biomolecules 1115

3.3. Grafting of Polymers to Oxidized Nanotubes 1116

4. Noncovalent Interactions 1117

4.1. Polymer Composites 1117

4.1.1. Epoxy Composites 1117

4.1.2. Acrylates 1118

4.1.3. Hydrocarbon Polymers 1119

4.1.4. Conjugated Polymers 1119

4.1.5. Other Nanotube

4.2. Interactions with Biomolecules and Cells 1122

5. Endohedral Filling 1125

5.1. Encapsulation of Fullerene Derivatives and 1125

5.2. Encapsulation of Biomolecules 1126

6. Concluding Remarks 1127

7. Acknowledgments 1127

8. References 1127